The Effects Of Cigarette Smoking On The Body And Others

Introduction Cigarette smoking is one of the most common known causes of diseases. It has a negative effect on the body and others who are around the person smoking, but being able to quit can positively change a person’s health. Nicotine is one of the biggest component in a cigarette, it stimulates the central nervous system which then gives the smoker a pleasurable feeling. The cigarette’s stimulants make smoking very addictive, which causes smoking cessation challenging for a person. There are now various amounts of ways to help them gradually stop, and the number of different alternatives that are readily available can greatly affect the person’s habits. One common way to help smoking cessation is the use of an electronic cigarette.†¦show more content†¦The study by Bullen et al. (2013) and Hann, Mnatzaganian, Rahman, Wilson, and Worall-Carter (2015) states that e-cigarettes without nicotine is not as effective for cessation. This is due to the fact that it does not have the same effect as a regular cigarette, which contains nicotine. In the study conducted by Bullen et al. (2013), out of the 73 people who were given placebo e-cigarettes, only 3 were able to continue their cessation after six months (p.1633). The results of these studies can be due to the fact that the e-cigarette does not contain nicotine and the smoker is not getting the pleasurable feeling a nicotine gives. The results of the use of e-cigarettes with nicotine resulted with a higher outcome, which will be explained in Alternatives with Nicotine. A device that contradicts the previous study because evidence shows that it can actually help is a nicotine-free inhalator. This only allows the person to replace the physical gestures that they associate with smoking a regular cigarette, such as hand to mouth action. By using this technique, Arcidiacono et al. (2011) implemented this in a smoking-cessation program for a six-month study, they recruited smokers that ex haled a certain amount of carbon monoxide. Within the six-months, they compared the results of week four to week twenty-four. Week four consisted of 23 out of the 60 to successfully quit and by weekShow MoreRelatedA History of Tobacco and Smoking in America1174 Words   |  5 PagesEvery year cigarette smoking is responsible for 500,000 premature deaths (Nugel), you do not want to be just another statistic, do you? America’s first cash crop was tobacco. That means that tobacco has been around for a really long time. It was not until 1865, though, that cigarettes were sold commercially. They were sold to soldiers at the end of the Civil War (Dowshen). From then, cigarettes spread like wildfire, and it was not until 1964 that anyone made a stand about the negative effects of tobaccoRead MoreShould We Be Healthier Than Smoking Cigarettes870 Words   |  4 Pagesthan smoking cigarettes. Vaping is vapor produced by an electronic cigarette or similar device. On the other hand, ci garettes are thin cylinders that contain tobacco rolled in paper. In America vaping is becoming popular since people vape for a hobby. While smoking cigarettes is known as a stress reliever, people tend to like it more than vaping. Vaping is respected more in today’s society, it is known to smell and taste better than cigarettes, in addition, it is not addicting like cigarettes. CigarettesRead MoreThe Effects Of Smoking Cigarettes On Society925 Words   |  4 PagesThe Effects of Smoking Cigarettes Society has been faced with many social struggles since the beginning of time. Smoking cigarettes is just one of those many social challenges. Individuals who smoke cigarettes increase the risk of developing health issues. Advertising has decreased over the years but the investment is with those that started when advertising was a big deal. Finally, the chemicals put into cigarettes are designed to increase a person’s cravings for cigarettes making it harder toRead MoreHarmful Effects of Smoking1418 Words   |  6 PagesHarmful effects of smoking Doan Thi Huong Thao BAIU08155 International University HCMC Academic English 2 Bien Thi Thanh Mai Instructor May 17, 2010 Abstract Smoking is known to be a primary cause of harmful effects on health, family, environment and society. However, scientist research in health and environment, that researches show that smoking cause many diseases, even lung cancer. An aim of my study has been to determine that smoking also effect on family and society. Results indicatedRead More Marijuana vs. Cigarettes: Why is one legal?1275 Words   |  6 PagesMarijuana and Cigarettes are both things that all Americans have heard about. Man untrue ideas have been spread about both products. Marijuana is not legal and it may not be as harmful as cigarettes. Marijuana is less harmful to the brain, body, and environment than cigarettes. When someone smokes a cigarette they say they feel a sensation all over their body. Users may experience different feelings. Many people say it creates a relaxing feeling all over the body, some say it helps to clear theirRead MoreSmoking is a Major Public Health Problem732 Words   |  3 PagesSmoking Issues Smoking is worldwide problem. It has been proved by many studies to be harmful and deadly. â€Å"In the United States alone, more than 440,000 people die annually from the effects of smoking. (The Effects of Smoking). There are several negative effects of smoking on the health and the environment. Health Issues Smoking is a major public health problem. According to the Surgeon General’s report, some of the hazard effects of tobacco smoke are directly related to the more than 7,000 chemicalsRead MoreThe Effects of Smoking Essay1501 Words   |  7 PagesThe Effects of Smoking The health effects of cigarette smoking are vast and well documented. In fact, over 75,000 reports have examined the connection between cigarette smoking and its effects (U.S. DHHS Reducing Health). A Report to the Surgeon General has stated that It is safe to say that smoking represents the most extensively documented cause of disease ever investigated in the history of biomedical research (U.S. DHHS The Health). And a 1988 Report to the Surgeon General statedRead MorePublic smoking Essay909 Words   |  4 PagesSmoking in Public â€Å"One thousand Americans stop smoking every day - by dying.†(The Quote Garden). It’s no surprise that smoking is one of the leading causes of death in the nation. There is overwhelming evidence that smoking affects our health. However, when one lights up a cigarette and smokes where other are present, one not only affects his or her own body, but others as well. This refers not only to the inconvenience of someone smoking near you, but also to the affect of secondhand smokeRead MoreThe Effects of Tobacco Essay example911 Words   |  4 Pagesproven that cigarette smoking is the major cause of death globally. According to Surgeon General Smoking represents the most extensibly documented cause of disease, ever investigated in the history of biomedical research. The relation between smoking and human disease cannot be directly tested. It is morally and ethically incorrect. Therefore, other research has been developed to establish a very high degree of scientific p robability. The criteria used to research the health diseases of smoking are asRead MorePersuasive Essay On Smoking1236 Words   |  5 Pageshistory, smoking cigarettes has led to higher risks of developing different kinds of cancers and other health problems. Most people who are smokers are unaware of how serious their addiction actually is. Not only are they deteriorating their bodies, they are harming others in the process. Even if people are not concerned about their own health, they should at least be thoughtful be considerate enough to be mindful of people around them, particularly their own family. Smoking cigarettes is not only

Language As A Form Of Control - 1744 Words

Language as a Form of Control: The Use Psycholinguistics in Babel-17 The psychology of language has always been a complex and fluid study in which scientists investigate the cognitive processes that make it possible to generate a grammatical and meaningful sentence out of vocabulary and phonetic structures, as well as factors that let people acquire, produce, and comprehend language as an entirety. Samuel L. Delaney’s 1966 science fiction novel, Babel-17, explores a psycholinguistic approach to understanding the human mind, illustrating the complex effects of language on thought. We see firsthand how specific vernaculars hold the capability to manipulate the mind, and altogether change the patterns of thought, making language a central figure in behavior and grasping concepts. Psycholinguistics is the study of the way operations of the mind make language possible. It is a â€Å"cross-disciplinary field,† stemming from findings from areas such as cognitive psychology, theoretical linguistics, phonetics, neurology, discourse analysis, semantics, and education. Essentially, the field explores the cognitive processes that underlie the function, storage, and acquisition of language. While psycholinguists understand that language users are unique individuals that possess different linguistic repertoires, their primary aim is to research general patterns of behavior across the human mind. Those patterns could potentially illustrate the capabilities and biases of the human psyche andShow MoreRelatedLanguage Manipulation And The Danger1481 Words   |  6 PagesLanguage Manipulation and the Danger it Causes Justin Ward ENG3U Mrs.Sara Berry December 18th, 2014  George Orwell’s popular novel 1984 takes place in Oceania, currently ruled by The Party Oceania is an example of what Orwell envisions a totalitarian government and society. Oceania, a dystopian environment created by The Party. The Party’s aim is to gain ultimate control by using multiple means of delivery of their â€Å"Newspeak† language to influence the citizens of Oceania. The Party usesRead More1984 Theme Essay1062 Words   |  5 PagesAbsolute control over society is the central theme in the novel, 1984, by George Orwell. One method this power over society is exercised is use of language to manipulate and control people. The story features a society called Oceania, which is located in the European region. In Oceania, there is a form of totalitarian government called the Party which controls the entire society. The Party controls thoughts by making certain words or phrases illegal. In addition, any anti-party thoughts or motivesRead MoreComputer Mediated Discourse By Jannis Androutsopoulos1472 Words   |  6 PagesAs technology and efficiency have advanced, so have the language ideologies surrounding them. Adult speakers of the English language have formed the ideology that text messaging are ruining the language. Texting and instant messaging are not directly influencing literacy, in fact, they introduce a new kind of literacy. From Variation to Heteroglossia in the Study of Computer-Mediated Discourse by Jannis Androutsopoulos, Always On : Language in an Online and Mobile World by Naomi S. Baron, From StatisticalRead MoreTeaching English For Speakers Of Other Languages ( Esol )1120 Words   |  5 PagesThis essay attempts to analyze the effect of different approaches to grammar teaching in the English for Speakers of Other Languages (ESOL) classroom. Basically, two approaches which are task-based learning (TBL) and presentation practice production (PPP) will be discussed and compared from different aspects. A great quantity of English teachers consider the significant part of English teaching is about improving the communicative competence of students and grammar is less concerned than it. ItRead MoreLanguage As The Primary Source Of Political Discourse And Hegemony1244 Words   |  5 PagesEvaluating the text from a Structuralist perspective reveals language as the primary source of political discourse and hegemony. In 1984, language is both an instrument and an effect of power. Michel Foucault’s discursive practices suggest that discourse â€Å"transmits and produces power† (Foucault, 1980). It has the capacity to govern social interactions, limit the parameters of human thought and endorse political ideologies. Structuralist Jonathan Culler corroborates Foucault’s assertion in his bookRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of Mexican Immigration, A Form Of Control And Dominance1168 Words   |  5 Pagesto English as a primary language people argue the â€Å"one language holds a society together and allows communication and trust across communities† (pg. 348). So if there is another language such as Spanish then the English language us no longer the â€Å"powerful† language. By enforcing English language it is a form of control and dominance. b. â€Å"Coded language† and its use in perpetuating a negative attitude toward Mexico and Mexicans in this country. - Negativity,†coded language has usually been away forRead MoreInformation Gathered About Graphics Programming Essay1051 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction The topic of this report will contain information gathered about graphics programming. Specifically using the programming language, C# (pronounced C-Sharp). C# is used by many programmers and it is a modern and simple programming language and a perfect language that develops applications with graphical capabilities. Graphics in programming plays an important part in any C# application that is being developed. For example, if you are developing an Image application, you may want toRead MoreThe Difference Between Human Language And Animal Language Essay1123 Words   |  5 Pagesthink a lot of people often think about do animals know humans’ language? I want to discuss about Do animals have ability to learn language and what is the difference between human language and animal language. Animal might not be able to speak a real language, but they can use certain way to communicate with each other. Language communication can be divided into two forms, which is verbal and nonverbal. Most of animals use body languages to communicate. There are many ways to communicate in nonverbalRead MoreNineteen Eighty-Four by George Orwell983 Words   |  4 PagesGeorge Orwell depicts a society that is under complete control of the government. Big Brother, the personification of the totalitarian government, is always watching. A citizen cannot make a decision without Big Brother knowing. At least, that is what the government wants the citizens of Oceania to believe. Big Brother is able to maintain this control over society by influencing media. Jem Berkes states that â€Å"George Orwell realizes that language has the power in politics to mask the truth and misleadRead MorePoetry And Science Poem Analysis1561 Words   |  7 Pagesthe wider. For example, how the absorption and transference of oxygen through the blood stream can affect the outcome of an individual organ within a body. For example, whilst we may previously have understood the brain to work as a processor and control system for the body. It is only through giving due diligence to the smaller processes, such as oxygen transference, that we can then understand not only what allows the brain to do its predetermined role but also what can affect its proficiency.

Target Marketing in Bottle Water free essay sample

Target marketing and market segmentation of Bling H20 Bling H20 crystal-encrusted of Beverly Hills is the inspiration of Kevin G. Boyd, a Hollywood writer-producer. While working on various studio lots where image is, well, everything, he noticed that you could tell a lot about a person by the bottled water he/she carried. So Just like any other savvy business person, he decided to capitalize on his finding. Our product is strategically positioned to target the expanding super- luxury consumer market. Target marketing Kotler (2004) Here, the seller identifies market segments, selects one or more of hem, and develops products and marketing mixes tailored to each. For example, if the Bling H20 were available in Australia, the marketer would only select super-luxury consumers as target marketing. There are three main steps in target marketing. The first is market segmentation -dividing a market into distinct groups of buyers with different needs, characteristics or behavior who might re quire separate products or marketing mixes. The company identifies different ways to segment the market and develops profiles of the resulting market segments. There are four variables that used in analyzing consumer market segments geographic, demographic, and psychographic and behavior variables. Today, I take the Bling H20 as example to apply those variables to help me to understand more deeply about the market segmentation. According to Kotler, Adam and Brown et al. (2004, p216-226) Geographic segmentation calls for identifying and analyzing the different geographical units that make up a market nations, regions, states, municipalities, cities or neighborhoods. For example, Bling H20 targets the super -luxury consumer arket then this product should match the location where the consumers who have the purchase power for this product. New South Wales like Mosman, Woollahra or Hunters Hill, Kuringai, North Sydney. Demographic segmentation consists of identifying which variables such as age, gender, family size, family life-cycle stage, income, occupation, education, religion, race and nationality. For example, Bling H20 may more focus on the income segmentation. Bling H20 targets the affluent consumers with luxury goods. Psychographic segmentation, buyers are divided nto different groups based on socioeconomic status, lifestyle, or personality characteristic. The Bling H20 may focus on those have high socioeconomic status. Boyd said In Hollywood it seemed as if people flaunted their bottled water like it was part of their presentation. Behavior segmentation enables buyers to be grouped on the basis of their knowledge of the product, their attitude toward it, the way they use it and their responses to it. Occasions: When a product is consumed or purchased. For example, selling Bling water in the upscale restaurants. Loyalty: Loyal onsumers those who buy one brand all or most of the time are valuable customers. For example Paris Hilton buys Bling H20 for her dog. 2. Bottled water industry in Australia An overview of bottled water industry was provided in Australian Beverage organisation show the bottled water market has continued its strong growth pattern Australians showing a marked bias for a natural great tasting product of consistent quality. Near waters include such products as flavoured natural spring water without sugar, or vitaminised waters that may contain low levels of sugars or other sweeteners. Lee (2008) describes the bottled water market is expected to grow 9. 1 per cent to $460 million this financial year, according to a forecast by the market researcher IBIS World, and Australia lags other developed countries in consumption. In the next year Australians are expected to drink 242 megalitres of bottled water, the equivalent of 19 600-millilitre bottles each. IBIS World predicts a boom in premium water as manufacturers claw back the higher costs of producing the plastic bottles from a crude oil derivative. The broadcast of the World Today (2004) interviewed Tony Gentile, chief executive of the Australian Beverages Council as well as the Australasian Bottled Water Institute, which acts as an industry association and a certifying agency. One issue facing the industry is that we dont know what sort of impact a broad economic slowdown might have. Australians like their water low in mineral salts, compared to, say, Europeans, Gentile says. There is sometimes a perception that bottled water competes with tap water, but it is Just not the case, except with those drinkers who drink it because they dont like the fluoride or hlorine associated with tap water. Aside from that, the competition is with other bottled dri nks, especially carbonates. He also said bottled water has the advantage, of course, in competition with other commercial beverages of being calorie free, and a lot of people especially like the taste of spring water, because it doesnt contain chlorine Australias Manufacturing and Industrial Directory website (2004) has details of Consumer trends, Food and beverage manufacturers are also changing their strategy in how they are marketing products, according to Stanton, who points o a trend towards not only communicating more information about a product, but explaining the benefits of the products contents. Consumers are also becoming more environmentally conscious with a preference for simple packaging. INDUSTRY REGULATIONS The Food Standards Australia New Zealand website (2010) sets the minimum standards for all types of bottled water. These regulations are set out in the Food Standards Code. The primary standard is 2. 6. 2 Non-alcoholic Beverages and Brewed Soft Drinks Bottlers must comply with this and all other requirements of the code. Also the ABWI is the peak industry council and certifying organisation for water bottlers in Australasia. Bottled water produced by ABWI members must meet standards that are in some cases stricter than the FSANZ standards. ABWI has developed a quality assurance program called the Model Code, which is a strict set of standards for the safe processing of bottled water about the Model Code. 3. Ethical concerns and defend the marketing strategy Waste of resource Too much needless consumption, too much unnecessary waste, and too much ego product, actually, most of people dont like this product at all. Some comments like we have starving people all over the world but some celebrities still want to show how stupid they waste on the money which they can do some else to help communities and it is a bit like the emperors new clothes really from the TMZ bling water: say what ? Consumerist concern This kind of product may resulted in the worship of consumerism and gave rise to the dominance of new egoism and gave birth to a new generation of upper class consumers Businesses have realized that wealthy consumers are the most attractive targets for marketing their products. The upper class tastes, lifestyles, and references trickle down to become the standard which all consumers seek to emulate. The not so wealthy consumers can purchase something new that will speak of their place in the tradition of affluence. A consumer can have the instant gratification of purchasing an expensive item that will help improve their social status. Environmental concern 24 April, 2007A number of organizations connected with environment, social Justice and religion have come down heavily upon Americas obsession with drinking the costly, bottled natural water, instead of consuming water from the tap, since the ractice adds to global warming, besides being unethical. Bling h20 Marketing strategy Status symbols were certainly at the height of celebrities concern. One article after another questioned the products price point or deemed it the sample of conspicuous consumption. But that is the strategy which makes the product stands out. By itself, the water is sourced from a natural spring in Dandridge, TN, where it undergoes a nine-step purification process. Strategically, distribute this product to right person in right place. Image proved to be the driving force behind the success of Bling H20. Meanwhile, brand manager can expanding the product line with a new drink target different market by market segmentation.

Importance of Internal Controls-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Concept of Internal Control Persisting in an Organization. Answer: Introduction This particular study focuses upon the concept of internal control persisting in an organization. Internal control essentially refers to the set of controls that have been established in an organization in order to enable the organization to achieve its objectives in terms of efficiency and effectiveness pertaining to the operations of the business. Internal controls review and recheck the quality of financial reporting and also make sure whether they comply with the laid down policies and regulations. In more simple terms any control that is implemented in the organization in order to mitigate risk falls under the purview of internal controls. In this particular study the importance of implementing internal controls in an organization and how the implemented controls have helped the organization in achieving the company goals have been discussed. Literature Review Internal Control Concept and Components Internal control refers to the control that has been established inside an organization in order to strengthen its operational activities and improve the quality of regular day to day proceedings of business. An internal control in general acts as a catalyst that is it improves or influences the already implemented positive policies or regulations of an organization. For instance a successful implementation of internal control lies in segregation of duties. Segregation of duties in an organization is very important. For example a particular employee who is responsible for receiving cash from customers should not also be delegated with the task of recording them in the books. A different employee steps in for handling such a responsibility and therefore it is at this point that the internal control of segregation of duties has been established. Other duties that fall under the principle of internal control are utilization of technological controls, maintenance of records and conductin g independent regular reviews. These principles of internal control therefore are the reference points of the management for establishing and implementing procedures for protecting the assets of the company (Hammersley, Myers Zhou, 2012). The components of internal control include Control Environment; Information and Communication; Control Activities; Monitoring; and Risk Assessment. Control Environment refers to that component of internal control which determines the pitch of the organization and instills awareness about such control among the employees. It lays the basic structure for all other components of internal control. Information and Communication refers to the processes and systems that help in identifying, capturing and exchanging information in a structured and framed way so as to support the employees in carrying out their responsibilities in a proper way. Control Activities refer to that component of internal control which establishes a set of regulations and policies for ensuring the execution of the directives set by the management. Lastly Monitoring refers to the processes that are required for the purpose of assessing the quality of the internal control established in the organization over time. The above mentioned components of internal control make the entire process easy to understand as well as implement (Hermanson, Smith, Stephens, 2012). Benefits of implementing Internal Control Internal controls not only increase the efficiency of an organization but also simplify the work done by employees by setting clear goals and by continuously monitoring and reviewing the quality of the procedure in which the desired results are obtained. However the major benefits of implementing Internal Control in an organization are that they help in preventing fraud especially in the financial statements of an organization; they also help in preventing errors in preparing the financial statements; spotting the errors in the financial statements is also facilitated by the implementation of internal controls; internal controls also result in reduced lawsuit and insurance claims. Internal control prevents fraud by segregating the duties of the employees. For instance internal control of a bank may require an employee collecting the cheques for cash withdrawal by customers and another employee authorizing those withdrawals thus mitigating the chances of fraudulent activity. Internal controls not only help in preventing fraud but also prevent the occurrence of errors in business. Reviews at periodic intervals and surprise tests of the quality of the finished products help in preventing errors. Implementation of internal control in order to ensure that all the transactions that take place inside an organization are authorized also play an important role in preventing errors. Implementation of proper internal control also help in establishing clear, concise and defined guidelines in relation to the ethical conduct and other management implemented policies and regulations of the organization. This help in reducing the risk of lawsuits and costly insurance claims. Essentially the internal controls ensure welfare of the employees. Internal controls also help to make the financial statements error free. They mitigate the common occurrences of errors in the financial statements like misappropriation of assets and material misstatements (Vijayakumar Nagaraja, 2012). Internal Controls an aid to the external auditors An external auditor who has no internal knowledge about the inner operation of an organization obtains great help from the internal controls that are accurately implemented within the organization. An organization that has proper internal control implemented within it will automatically generate certain features that will help an external auditor to assess the organization. One of these features are creation of an ethical code within the organization. The employees of the organization communicate with each other honestly and with integrity. Each of the employees would be competent enough to manage their own task and their dependence on management would be minimized. There would be periodic training sessions and workshops that would keep the employees updated and at par with the technical improvements or implementations within the organization. In addition to all these features the major area where the internal control helps the external auditor is the integrity of the financial state ments. A properly implemented internal control would allow an external auditor to spot errors like material misstatements in the books of accounts with much ease. With the introduction of technology in the industries, the companies have become much more exposed to fraud. For instance backing up of data in a computerized system not only increases the risk of losing the data but also the risk of hacking the crucial information from the system by an imposter increases. An accurate internal control like password protected portals and regular backing up of data would help an external auditor to work more easily (Yee et al., 2017). The internal auditors within an organization develop a risk assessment plan in order to mitigate the risks related to the preparation of the financial statements. Risk related to the occurrence of material misstatement or fraud in the books of accounts if identified by the internal auditors, they develop internal control in order to reduce the risk. Surprise review of the financial statements and the fixation of the minimum amount of materiality are some of the internal controls adopted by the internal auditors. These implementation of internal controls help an external auditor to execute his job with much ease. According to ISA 315, an internal auditor can be of great help to an external auditor provided that he carries out his work with utmost sincerity and care Feizizadeh, 2012).. For instance Skoda Minotti an auditing firm was able to find out fraud by performing risk assessment procedures in a scrap industry firm which was its client. The implementation of a proper set of internal control by the audit team helped the company to finally identify the person responsible for the disparity in the books of accounts ("Skoda Minotti Fraud After an Internal Control Assessment", 2017). Another instance is when a public company required help in order to implement the 2013 COSO Framework hired a consultancy firm named Accounting Business Consultants. The auditing team after proper scrutiny of the situations prevailing in the company provided proper guidance and leadership in implementing proper internal controls that helped the company in identifying the exact irregularities that hampered business ("Internal Controls Case Study | Audit Services in Northeast", 2017). Limitations of Internal control There are certain limitations that come along with the implementation of internal control within an organization. These are management override, lack of monitoring due to staff turnover, collusion and limited judgment. Management override refers to the manipulation of the prescribed policies and procedures by a high level official of the management in order to satisfy his personal needs. Such an action will never let an implemented internal control reach its desired objective. Another important limitation of internal control is the lack of monitoring. The controls implemented have to be monitored on a regular basis so as to check whether any disparity or irregularity has occurred in its obtained results. But this is not always achieved due to fact that the staff delegated with the responsibility to perform the task does not turn up or lack interest to do the job. Collusion refers to a form of fraud that may be done a group of imposters within the organization. A group of people together may manipulate the books of accounting statements in such a way that the internal control will never be able to identify the disparity. The only solution left in that case is external audit. Lastly quick judgment refers to the fact that internal controls are essentially decisions taken by the management under pressure to find out the loopholes in the company within a given time period. Thus the entire process is based on human judgment that is limited with the information currently available (Li et al., 2012). Conclusion Thus from the above study it can be understood that internal controls are very effective and efficient in identifying the irregularities or fraud that otherwise cannot be identified. An internal auditor after proper scrutiny determines the internal controls that are to be implemented within an organization and wait for the controls to come up with the solutions. It is advisable by every financial regulator to implement internal control within an organization. Though there are certain limitations of these controls but most of them are due to carelessness or lack of interest on the part of the management or employees. Therefore an organization that is really interested to make its operations error free should implement internal controls. References Feizizadeh, A. (2012). Strengthening internal audit effectiveness. Indian Journal of Science and Technology, 5(5), 2777-2778. Hammersley, J. S., Myers, L. A., Zhou, J. (2012). The failure to remediate previously disclosed material weaknesses in internal controls. Auditing: A Journal of Practice Theory, 31(2), 73-111. Hermanson, D. R., Smith, J. L., Stephens, N. M. (2012). How effective are organizations' internal controls? Insights into specific internal control elements. Current Issues in Auditing, 6(1), A31-A50. Internal Controls Case Study | Audit Services in Northeast. (2017). Abcpas.com. Retrieved 30 October 2017, from https://www.abcpas.com/case-study-sixteen.htm Li, C., Peters, G. F., Richardson, V. J., Weidenmier Watson, M. (2012). The consequences of information technology control weaknesses on management information systems: The case of sarbanes-oxley internal control reports. Mis Quarterly, 36(1). Skoda Minotti Fraud After an Internal Control Assessment. (2017). skodaminotti.com. Retrieved 30 October 2017, from https://cpa.skodaminotti.com/fraud-after-an-internal-control-assessment Vijayakumar, A. N., Nagaraja, N. (2012). Internal Control Systems: Effectiveness of Internal Audit in Risk Management at Public Sector Enterprises. BVIMR Management Edge, 5(1). Yee, C. S., Sujan, A., James, K., Leung, J. K. (2017). Perceptions of Singaporean internal audit customers regarding the role and effectiveness of internal audit. Asian Journal of Business and Accounting, 1(2), 147-174.

Domestic violence law

Table of Contents Introduction Example of a case Sentencing procedures Guilty without evidence Both sides of the story Conclusion Works Cited Introduction The domestic violence cases that have been experienced in the past have led to the belief that men are always guilty in domestic violence cases.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Domestic violence law specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This is a stereotype that has made a score of men to be innocently victimized for domestic violence since it is always presumed that a man is guilty until proven otherwise in these cases. This is very wrong since depending on the nature of the case, a woman could be guilty and thus in such cases, women use the stereotypical believes surrounding domestic violence with men to ensure that men are accused falsely. In other cases, mere accusations lead to legal action even in cases that lack evidence of domestic violence or a buse. Despite efforts by a number of activists to introduce laws that will remove the loopholes in assault and domestic violence cases, the unfair stereotype of â€Å"guilty until proven otherwise† (Scarff 1) still exists and men continue to suffer for crimes they have not committed. Example of a case An example of a case related to this topic is the case of a man tried in a Cincinnati court for assaulting his wife. The facts of the case were known to the court and it was the woman who was the aggressor but the man was still required to post a bond worth $ 10,000 (Pierce 33). The woman had broken three of her husband’s ribs after attacking him violently. As the husband fell on the ground due to the instability he got after his ribs were broken, his head accidentally struck her head. Some spectator called the police and as they arrived, the woman praised herself for the bravery she had shown striking her husband to the ground. She even bragged about the same to the poli ce. Amazingly, with the woman being the aggressor, both were arrested and as the woman got released on recognizance, the man was required by the judge to pay a $ 10,000 bond (Pierce 33). This case can be seen as an indication that men are always presumed to be guilty in domestic violence cases. This is shown by the fact that, although the man was the one injured and the woman was clearly the aggressor from the way she bragged about beating him, both were arrested. The presumption of the guilt of a man in domestic violence cases is further proven by the decision of the court in which the man is required to post a bond despite the fact that the woman attacked him, injured him and made him to fall hitting her accidentally on her head with his head. The court clearly showed that stereotypical ideas against men in domestic violence cases exist and also showed that a man can hardly get justice in domestic violence cases involving a woman.Advertising Looking for research paper on fami ly law? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Sentencing procedures Another evidence of the preferential treatment that is accorded to women in domestic violence cases is evident in the sentencing procedures of the court. When time comes for the sentencing of domestic violence cases, women always get fairer sentences. It is common knowledge that women always get a half the sentence that is given to a man for exactly the same crime. This is in cases where the court has identified a lot of liability on the part of the woman such that the court has to give her some jail time. In other words, most of these cases are characterized by the freeing of the woman and jailing of the man. This can be seen as an outright abuse of the law and there is need for activists of the often-overlooked rights of men to work towards introducing laws protecting innocent men in domestic violence cases and convicting guilty women in such cases (Angelucci 1). There is also a need to address the common belief that a man is always guilty of being violent until he has been proven to be innocent. Guilty without evidence One of the reasons why many children are crying at home with their fathers innocently behind bars is because the authorities have seemingly associated violence with men. With this mentality therefore, in a domestic violence case involving a man and woman, the man is always taken to be guilty until the courts have proved his innocence (William 1). This is even extended to rape cases in which if a woman reports that she has been sexually assaulted by a man, the man is always taken to be guilty until his innocence is proved. This can be seen as an absolute ignorance of reasoning since in any particular domestic violence case involving a man and a woman, either of the parties can be guilty and there is a great need to be listening to both sides of the story before declaring the man to be guilty. An example of a case evidencing the abo ve discussion is the Duke Lacrosse case in which three male students were subjected to a number of abuses in a rape case despite the fact that the case did not have evidence of assault by the three students. In the year 2007, the students filed a case against the prosecutor who was handling their case for the abuses that were perpetrated against them (Pierce 31). Both sides of the story It is so sad that in most domestic violence cases where a woman is hurt, the man is automatically guilty. There is a great need of the judiciary to introduce a means of identifying the causes of such incidences and making fair decisions based on the facts of the case. Worse still, like in the aforementioned case, some men are the ones who are attacked and decisions are made favoring women.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Domestic violence law specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In the stated case, the woman was clearly the aggressor and the man was critically injured from her attack yet the courts made a decision favoring the woman. This shows the fact that the guilt of the man in a domestic violence case need not be proven if the woman is hurt in any way (McCarthy 1). Form these facts, there is a great need for the courts to abandon the existent stereotypical beliefs and handle each domestic violence case with fairness based on the facts of the case. It may seem impractical in the above discussed case that the woman attacked and overpowered the man but research shows that members of both sexes have, in the past, initiated domestic violence. Research also shows that both sexes have, arguably, equal controlling power. Angelucci reports a study conducted in the University of Florida that showed that females are more likely to threaten their partners and perpetrate domestic violence than men (Angelucci 1). In Washington, another study was also conducted giving the same results. That is, women perpetrate more domestic violence towards their spouses and partners than men. These facts revealed by studies are however contradicted by past court cases. This is because in most court cases involving domestic violence, the man is normally the one who is pronounced guilty (Smith 1). To give a first-hand example of how the authorities never bother to listen to both sides of the story in domestic violence cases, see the facts of a case for which I was charged with domestic violence. I have dated this girl for an approximate two months and I have never touched her leave alone hitting her. One day as we were arguing in my apartment, she got angry and started vandalizing my property. As I held her to ensure that she does not continue her wanton destruction of my property, she started crying and rushed outside calling the police. She lied to the police that I had hit her and I was arrested and charged with domestic violence. This case has made me realize that our judiciary system is seriously bias ed in some cases and there is a great need for reforms. I know the exact facts of my case and I know that I was wrongly charged with domestic violence and she knows it too. It is thus evident that our courts need to review the cases of domestic violence and ensure that women do not take advantage of the pre-existent stereotypes to falsely accuse innocent men. My view is that the courts should ensure that they listen to both parties involved in a domestic violence case and investigate the facts of the case without bias based on archaic stereotypes. This will ensure that the law is not abused and that it achieves its intended objective.Advertising Looking for research paper on family law? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Conclusion Domestic violence cases have been surrounded by a lot of legal injustices towards men due to the common belief that a man is naturally aggressive. In actual fact, a good number of men are not violent and, for ages, women have been taking advantage of the legal advantage they have over men in domestic violence cases. It is true that in most cases where men are held guilty of domestic violence, it is actually the woman who is guilty. This is because the aforementioned advantage that women have in domestic violence cases make them provoke and sometimes hit men because they know that if the man even attempts to hit them, he is in for trouble. This has in fact led to more domestic violence as women increasingly provoke men knowing that the men cannot hit them. On the other hand, there has been a score of false accusations of domestic violence directed towards men due to the common belief that men are violent. It is common knowledge that when women argue with their men at home, the men are prone to being guilty of domestic violence since the mere accusation of the man by the woman will make him guilty until he is proven to be innocent. It is thus of important that the courts consider all the circumstances surrounding domestic violence cases and make appropriate reviews that will reduce the discussed abuse of the law. Works Cited Angelucci, Marc. â€Å"Male Victims of Domestic Abuse. 2010. Web. McCarthy, Nancy. â€Å"About domestic violence against men.† 2007. Web. Pierce, Mary. Home is where the hurt is: Domestic violence has unexpected victims. New York. Barnes Noble, 2007. Print. Scarff, Liz. Male victims of domestic violence. 2010. Web. Smith, Melinda. Domestic Violence and Abuse. 2010. Web. William, Mary. The paradox of hope: The crime and punishment of domestic violence. California. McMillan Publishers, 2008. Print. This research paper on Domestic violence law was written and submitted by user Ricky Z. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

July 2007 Most Popular Articles

July 2007 Most Popular Articles July 2007 Most Popular Articles July 2007 Most Popular Articles By Daniel Scocco Five Frequently Misused Verbs: Go, Come, Write, Give, and Eat. Among the most frequently used words in English, these five verbs are also the most frequently misused. The error occurs when the simple past forms are used to form the present or past perfect Dialogue Dos and Don’ts: In the post Show, Don’t Tell, I mentioned dialogue as one of the ways you can â€Å"show† your reader what’s happening in a scene. Effective dialogue is an essential part of both fiction and creative nonfiction writing. How to Bypass Your Internal Editor: When you edit your first draft, you’ll have all sorts of ideas of what to change. But when you write your first draft, you want to turn off the â€Å"internal editor† in your mind, that super-ego that looks over your shoulder and criticizes everything you do. Editing is different from writing. Most people can’t successfully do both at the same time. And when you do your first draft, you need to focus on writing. Accept the Effect: These words give writers trouble since the two can be both a noun and a verb, although affect is typically verb and effect, noun. Normally, you will use affect to denote influence. The Impotence of Proofreading: Its a fact that a spell checker will not catch all the mistakes on your text. More specifically, it will not catch misspellings that form other valid words. So how do you solve this problem? Proofreading, of coarse! Less/Fewer; Number/Amount: Still Salvageable: The difference between less and fewer, like that between lay and lie, is on the brink of extinction, but enough careful speakers and writers observe the difference to make it worth our attention. Ready, Set, Write!: One of the biggest problems people have with writing is getting started. A blank page (or computer screen) can be intimidating, but prewriting is a great way to overcome that intimidation. Here are some prewriting activities to help get the words flowing out of your brain and onto the page. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the General category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:15 Terms for Those Who Tell the FutureExcited ABOUT, not "for" While vs. Whilst

Simulation Using Perceptual Maps in Marketing Writer #1497 Essay

Simulation Using Perceptual Maps in Marketing Writer #1497 - Essay Example The purpose of this report is to describe the actions taken by the student during three phases of the simulation and to discuss important marketing concepts such as differentiation, positioning and product lifecycle. The purpose of the simulation is to develop a positioning strategy for the company. The first phase of the perceptual map simulation involves selecting the parameters related to the motorcycle industry that aligned with the product the company is offering. The simulation taught me that the optimum amount of parameters that should be chosen for a particular product is four. Choosing more than four does not allow the marketer to highlight the product’s strengths in order to create effective marketing campaigns. The nine parameters I had to choose from were: lifestyle image, product design, cool, product uniqueness, service offering, price, engine capacity safety, and quality engineering. Based on the company’s status as a provider to motorcycle in the high-end of the marketplace I choose these four parameters: lifestyle image, product design and styling, price and product uniqueness. The result of my selection was that I ended up choosing three of the four optimum parame ters for this particular product. The parameter that I should not have selected was product uniqueness. In this case quality engineering covers the important aspects of product uniqueness. An important parameter that I failed to choose was service offering. Service offerings are utilized to ensure loyalty among customers and distribution channels which include club memberships, maintenance training, and financial services (Perceptual Maps in Marketing Simulation, 2008). The second phase of the simulation involved making a decision about the company future positioning in the marketplace. Tough economic times along with an aging focus group of customer were endangering the company solid 40% market share. The two primary choices were repositioning the CruiserThorr model or